Anaerobic Speed Reserve, Sprint Force–Velocity Profile, Kinematic Characteristics, and Jump Ability among Elite Male Speed- and Endurance-Adapted Milers

Pedro Jiménez-Reyes, Víctor Cuadrado-Peñafiel, Juan A. Párraga-Montilla, Natalia Romero-Franco and Arturo Casado
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Pedro Jiménez-Reyes: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, E-28943 Madrid, Spain
Víctor Cuadrado-Peñafiel: Education Faculty, Autonomous University of Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
Juan A. Párraga-Montilla: Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
Natalia Romero-Franco: Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Arturo Casado: Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, E-28943 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-11

Abstract: This study aimed to compare sprint, jump performance, and sprint mechanical variables between endurance-adapted milers (EAM, specialized in 1500–3000-m) and speed-adapted milers (SAM, specialized in 800–1500 m) and to examine the relationships between maximal sprint speed (MSS), anaerobic speed reserve (ASR), sprint, jump performance, and sprint mechanical characteristics of elite middle-distance runners. Fifteen participants (8 EAM; 7 SAM) were evaluated to obtain their maximal aerobic speed, sprint mechanical characteristics (force–velocity profile and kinematic variables), jump, and sprint performance. SAM displayed greater MSS, ASR, horizontal jump, sprint performance, and mechanical ability than EAM ( p < 0.05). SAM also showed higher stiffness in the 40-m sprint ( p = 0.026) and a higher ratio of horizontal-to-resultant force (RF) at 10 m ( p = 0.003) and RFpeak ( p = 0.024). MSS and ASR correlated with horizontal ( r = 0.76) and vertical ( r = 0.64) jumps, all sprint split times ( r ≤ −0.85), stiffness ( r = 0.86), and mechanical characteristics ( r ≥ 0.56) during the 100-m sprint, and physical qualities during acceleration ( r ≥ 0.66) and sprint mechanical effectiveness from the force–velocity profile ( r ≥ 0.69). Season-best times in the 800 m were significantly correlated with MSS ( r = −0.86). Sprint ability has a crucial relevance in middle-distance runners’ performance, especially for SAM.

Keywords: maximal force; performance; maximal power; middle-distance running (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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