Arterial Hypertension in Morbid Obesity after Bariatric Surgery: Five Years of Follow-Up, a Before-And-After Study

Angeles Arias, Cristobalina Rodríguez-Álvarez, Enrique González-Dávila, Alfonso Acosta-Torrecilla, M. Mercedes Novo-Muñoz and Natalia Rodríguez-Novo
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Angeles Arias: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Cristobalina Rodríguez-Álvarez: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Enrique González-Dávila: Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Alfonso Acosta-Torrecilla: Canary Islands Health Service, 38530 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
M. Mercedes Novo-Muñoz: Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Section, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Natalia Rodríguez-Novo: Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Section, University of La Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-10

Abstract: Background: Arterial hypertension (HTN) is common among morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence and evolution of HTN and weight loss in patients suffering from morbid obesity before and after bariatric surgery, during a follow-up period of five years. Methods: A before-and-after study was carried out on severely obese patients undergoing Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB). Criteria for HTN diagnosis were current treatment with antihypertensive agents and/or systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 140 mmHg and/or diastolic (DBP) > 90 mmHg. HTN remission was defined as normalisation of blood pressure (BP) maintained after discontinuation of medical treatment, and HTN recurrence was considered when HTN diagnostic criteria reappeared after remission. Weight loss during the study period was evaluated for each patient, calculating excess weight loss percentage (% EWL) and BMI loss percentage (% BMIL) with reference to the baseline value. Results: A total of 273 patients were included in the study. HTN was present in 48.2%; 29.4% of hypertensive patients showed HTN remission two years after the surgical procedure, 30.3% of them had relapsed at five years. Conclusion: LRYGB in obese patients is associated with a remission of HTN, and no weight loss differences were observed between the group of patients showing HTN remission at two years and the group who did not. However, differences were observed after the second follow-up year, with an increased weight loss in the remission group, which could indicate that sustained weight loss favours the control of HTN.

Keywords: morbidly obese patients; bariatric surgery; arterial hypertension; weight loss (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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