A Systematic Review on Nerve-Related Adverse Effects following Mandibular Nerve Block Anesthesia

Luca Aquilanti, Marco Mascitti, Lucrezia Togni, Maria Contaldo, Giorgio Rappelli and Andrea Santarelli
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Luca Aquilanti: Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
Marco Mascitti: Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
Lucrezia Togni: Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
Maria Contaldo: Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Armanni, 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
Giorgio Rappelli: Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
Andrea Santarelli: Department of Clinical Specialistic and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injections are commonly used in clinical practice, but they are not free from complications. The aim of the present systematic review is to assess the nerve-related adverse effects of IAN block anesthesia. A structured and systematic search was performed on the major electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL) for studies published in English until 30 September 2021. A total of 131 articles were identified through database searching using combinations of keywords. Fifteen papers were included and assessed for eligibility. Overall, nerve damage following an IAN block anesthesia injection is a rare occurrence, probably due to the direct nerve trauma of the needle, a neurotoxic effect of the used anesthetic solution and/or a combination of them. From a medico-legal point of view, a balanced discussion prior to nerve block anesthesia should be pursued in order to avoid patients’ reluctance to undergo necessary dental treatment due to the remote eventuality of nerve injury.

Keywords: inferior alveolar nerve block; anesthesia; nerve injury; paresthesia; prolonged anesthesia; adverse effects (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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