Rural–Urban Differences in Behavioral Outcomes among Adults with Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury with Loss of Consciousness: 2016–2019 Ohio BRFSS

Robyn Feiss, John D. Corrigan, Kele Ding, Cynthia L. Beaulieu, Jennifer Bogner and Jingzhen Yang
Additional contact information
Robyn Feiss: Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
John D. Corrigan: Division of Rehabilitation Psychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Kele Ding: Department of Health Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
Cynthia L. Beaulieu: Division of Rehabilitation Psychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Jennifer Bogner: Division of Rehabilitation Psychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Jingzhen Yang: Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-12

Abstract: This study examined if the associations between lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) and unhealthy alcohol use or mental health problems differ by location of living (rural vs. urban). The lifetime history data of TBI with LOC, location of living, unhealthy alcohol use (binge drinking, heavy drinking), and mental health problems (depression diagnosis, number of poor mental health days) were sourced from the 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 Ohio Behavioral Risk Factory Surveillance Surveys, and the final sample included 16,941 respondents. We conducted multivariable logistic regressions to determine the odds ratios for each of the five outcomes between individuals living in rural vs. urban areas and between individuals with vs. without a lifetime history of TBI with LOC. No interaction between location of living and lifetime history of TBI with LOC was observed for any outcomes, indicating rurality did not modify these relationships. Living in a rural area was associated with decreased binge drinking or heavy drinking but not mental health outcomes. Lifetime history of TBI with LOC was associated with an increased risk of binge drinking, heavy drinking, depression diagnoses, and poor general mental health, regardless of location of living. Our findings support the need for TBI screenings as part of mental health intake evaluations and behavioral health screenings. Though rurality was not associated with mental health outcomes, rural areas may have limited access to quality mental health care. Therefore, future research should address access to mental health services following TBI among rural residents.

Keywords: binge drinking; depression; heavy drinking; mental health; population-based (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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