Psychometric Assessment of the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale with Professional Romanian Athletes

Dan Iulian Alexe, Beatrice Aurelia Abalasei, Gabriel Mares, Bogdan Constantin Rata, Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu, Georgeta Mitrache and Rafael Burgueño
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Dan Iulian Alexe: Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania
Beatrice Aurelia Abalasei: Department of Physical Education, Sports Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iași, 700554 Iași, Romania
Gabriel Mares: Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania
Bogdan Constantin Rata: Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania
Teodora Mihaela Iconomescu: Sport Games and Physical Education Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
Georgeta Mitrache: Department of Teaching Staff Training, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania
Rafael Burgueño: Health Research Center, University of Almeria, Carretera de San Urbano, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Although athletes’ experiences of autonomy, competence, and relatedness play in key role in their motivation, performance-related outcomes, and wellness, there is no evidence to date on measures of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in the Romanian sport context. Building upon self-determination theory, the objective of this research was to adapt the Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale and analyze its psychometric properties in the Romanian sport context. Methods: The participants were 642 professional athletes (354 males and 288 females; M age = 22.81, SD = 5.78) who competed at the international and/or national level. Results: The results from confirmatory factor analyses psychometrically supported a six-factor correlated model, which was invariant across gender, age, and sport. Convergent validity was met by average variance extracted values between 0.60 and 0.74. Discriminant validity was underpinned by values from −0.72 to 0.72 for a heterotrait–monotrait ratio of correlations among the six factors. Reliability was endorsed by Cronbach’s alpha scores between 0.75 and 0.89, and between 0.76 and 0.89 for Raykov’s composite reliability coefficient. Criterion validity was supported by positive relationships of autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfaction to autonomous motivation, and positive associations of autonomy, competence, and relatedness frustration with controlled motivation and amotivation. Conclusions: The Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of need satisfaction and frustration in professional Romanian athletes.

Keywords: basic psychological needs; autonomy; competence; relatedness; need satisfaction; need frustration; sportspeople (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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