Language Development in the Second Year of Life: The Case of Children with Sex Chromosome Trisomies Diagnosed before Birth

Laura Zampini, Alessandra Lorini, Gaia Silibello, Paola Zanchi, Francesca Dall’Ara, Paola Francesca Ajmone, Federico Monti, Faustina Lalatta, Maria Antonella Costantino and Paola Giovanna Vizziello
Additional contact information
Laura Zampini: Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
Alessandra Lorini: Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
Gaia Silibello: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Paola Zanchi: Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
Francesca Dall’Ara: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Paola Francesca Ajmone: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Federico Monti: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Faustina Lalatta: Clinical Genetics Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via della Commenda, 12, 20122 Milan, Italy
Maria Antonella Costantino: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Paola Giovanna Vizziello: Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace, 9, 20122 Milan, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-12

Abstract: Many individual factors, such as early communicative skills, could play a role in explaining later linguistic outcomes. The detection of predictive variables is fundamental to identifying early the children who need intervention. The present study focuses on children with sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs), genetic conditions with an increased risk of developing language delays or impairments. The aims are to analyse their communicative skills at 18 months of age, and identify significant predictors of their later vocabulary size. Participants were 76 18-month-old children (38 with SCTs, and 38 typically-developing (TD) children). Their communicative skills were assessed during a parent–child play session, and parents filled in a report on their vocabulary development at 18 and 24 months. Children with SCTs showed significantly poorer linguistic skills at 18 months in both preverbal (babbling and gestures) and verbal abilities. A high percentage (nearly 70%) of toddlers with SCTs were late-talking children at 24 months, and those toddlers showed a lower frequency of babbling utterances at 18 months. Early lexical skills, children’s developmental quotient, and being part of the group of toddlers with SCTs were significant predictors of children’s vocabulary size six months later. These variables should be considered when assessing the linguistic competence of a child with SCTs to detect possible early risk factors of future language impairment.

Keywords: predictive indices; sex chromosome trisomies; longitudinal; language outcomes; late-talking (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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