Assessment of Fish Quality Based on the Content of Heavy Metals

Joanna Łuczyńska, Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko, Aleksandra Purkiewicz and Marek Jan Łuczyński
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Joanna Łuczyńska: Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko: Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
Aleksandra Purkiewicz: Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
Marek Jan Łuczyński: Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Ecology of Waters, The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate the fish quality in terms of the Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents. The research material was the muscle tissue of the fish crucian carp ( Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758), flounder ( Platichthys flesus Linnaeus, 1758), Gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758), mackerel ( Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758), Blue grenadier ( Macruronus novaezelandiae Hector, 1871), rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792), tench ( Tinca tinca Linnaeus, 1758), tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758), Walleye pollock ( Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814) and perch ( Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758.). Heavy metals were determined with the atomic absorption spectrometry method (AAS). Significantly high concentrations of zinc (19.52 mg/kg wet weight), copper (0.77 mg/kg) and iron (6.95 mg/kg) were found in the muscles of crucian carp ( p < 0.05) compared to the other fish studied, whereas Walleye pollock had a higher content of manganese (0.266 mg/kg) ( p < 0.05). All studied fish species do not pose a threat to humans from these four metals. This was indicated by quality indexes (THQ and HI) whose values were below one. The values of these metals also did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations established by the FAO (1983), but monitoring both the aquatic environment and the fish living there is necessary, for example, for the time-changing abiotic and biotic factors that can cause an increase in metals in the organs of fish.

Keywords: heavy metals; marine fish; freshwater fish; Target Hazard Quotient; the combined risk; Hazardous Index (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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