Prevalence of Violence Perpetrated by Healthcare Workers in Long-Term Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alessio Conti, Alessandro Scacchi, Marco Clari, Marco Scattaglia, Valerio Dimonte and Maria Michela Gianino
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Alessio Conti: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
Alessandro Scacchi: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
Marco Clari: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
Marco Scattaglia: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
Valerio Dimonte: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy
Maria Michela Gianino: Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5bis, 10126 Turin, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of violence perpetrated by healthcare workers (HCWs) against patients in long-term care (LTC). For this purpose, five relevant databases were searched. Two reviewers extracted data from the included articles independently and assessed their quality. Overall and subgroup random-effects pooled prevalence meta-analyses were performed. A series of meta-analyses stratified by study quality were also performed due to high heterogeneity. Nineteen articles were included, physical restraint (22%; CI: 15–29), verbal abuse (22%; CI: 16–28), and neglect (20%; CI: 15–26) attained the highest overall prevalence, while sexual abuse was less reported (2%; CI: 1–3). The prevalence of witnessed violence is generally higher than those reported by HCWs, and patients and their relatives reported fewer cases of violence than HCWs. Differences in violence perpetrated among LTC settings were found. Neglect (64%; CI: 56–72) and financial abuse (7%; CI: 3–12) reported by HCWs were higher in home care, while verbal abuse (21%; CI: 7–39) reported by patients or their families was higher in nursing homes. Our findings highlight that violence perpetrated by HCWs toward patients represents a significant concern in LTC, suggesting the adoption of reliable monitoring approaches and provision of assistance to victims in reporting abuse.

Keywords: violence; healthcare workers; long-term care; nursing home; home care; systematic review; meta-analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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