Cognitive Impairment in End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Markers and Risk Factors

Piotr Olczyk, Mariusz Kusztal, Tomasz Gołębiowski, Krzysztof Letachowicz and Magdalena Krajewska
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Piotr Olczyk: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Mariusz Kusztal: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Tomasz Gołębiowski: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Krzysztof Letachowicz: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
Magdalena Krajewska: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 4, 1-12

Abstract: (1) Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and patients treated with hemodialysis. (2) Methods: The systematic review was prepared following the PRISMA statement (2013). The biomedical electronic databases MEDLINE and SCOPUS were searched. (3) Results: out of 1093 studies, only 30, which met problem and population criteria, were included in this review. The risk factors for CI can be divided into three groups: traditional risk factors (present in the general population), factors related to dialysis sessions, and nontraditional risk factors occurring more frequently in the HD group. (4) Conclusions: the methods of counteracting CI effective in the general population should also be effective in HD patients. However, there is a need to develop unique anti-CI approaches targeting specific HD risk factors, i.e., modified hemodialysis parameters stabilizing cerebral saturation and blood flow.

Keywords: renal replacement therapy; cognition; dementia; cardiovascular; dialysis; cerebral blood flow; brain saturation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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