Correlation between Positive Orientation and Control of Anger, Anxiety and Depression in Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ewa Kupcewicz, Marzena Mikla, Helena Kadučáková, Elżbieta Grochans, Maria Dolores Roldán Valcarcel and Anna Maria Cybulska
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Ewa Kupcewicz: Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Marzena Mikla: Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Helena Kadučáková: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ruzomberok, 034-01 Ruzomberok, Slovakia
Elżbieta Grochans: Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
Maria Dolores Roldán Valcarcel: Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Anna Maria Cybulska: Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 4, 1-18

Abstract: (1) This study analysed the relationship between positive orientation and subjective control of anger, anxiety and depression in nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia during the pandemic. (2) The survey was carried out by the diagnostic survey method in a group of 756 nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. The empirical data were gathered using an original survey questionnaire, the Positive Orientation Scale and the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale. (3) It was shown that the positive orientation level in Polish students was significantly lower than in students in Spain ( p < 0.0001) and Slovakia ( p < 0.0001). Low results for positive orientation were obtained in nearly half (47.18%) of the respondents in the Polish sample, whereas it was 34.18% and 31.18% in the Spanish and Slovak samples, respectively ( p < 0.0001). A positive orientation was the most important predictor of emotional control among the nursing students at all the sites ( p < 0.0001). (4) Positive orientation has been shown to have a significant impact on emotional control in nursing students during the pandemic. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor students’ mental health during the pandemic to determine the demand for psychological and emotional support.

Keywords: positive orientation; anxiety; depression; anger; nursing student (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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