Sarcopenic Obesity Tendency and Nutritional Status Is Related to the Risk of Sarcopenia, Frailty, Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Dementia

Hsi-Hsien Chou, Te-Jen Lai, Chi-Hua Yen, Po-Sheng Chang, Ji-Cyun Pan and Ping-Ting Lin
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Hsi-Hsien Chou: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
Te-Jen Lai: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
Chi-Hua Yen: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
Po-Sheng Chang: Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
Ji-Cyun Pan: Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
Ping-Ting Lin: Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-13

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of dementia patients and examine the correlation with sarcopenia, frailty, depression, and quality of life. We enrolled patients aged 60 years and over with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores ≤ 26 (Taiwan), and dementia diagnosed by a neurologist or psychiatrist. Nutritional status was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Muscle mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength and endurance were evaluated by handgrip, leg-back strength, dumbbell curls, sit to stand test, and gait speed. Quality of life, frailty, and depression status were measured by questionnaires. Patients with moderate dementia (MMSE ≤ 20) had a significantly lower MNA score, muscle function, and quality of life than patients with mild dementia ( p < 0.01). A lower MNA score was significantly associated with the risk of frailty (odds ratio: 4.76, p < 0.01), depression (odds ratio: 3.17, p = 0.03), and poor quality of life (odds ratio: 2.73, p < 0.05), and sarcopenia (odds ratio: 3.97, p = 0.03) after adjusting for potential confounders. In conclusion, patients with dementia were at risk of malnutrition, and nutritional status was associated to the risk of sarcopenia, frailty, depression, and quality of life.

Keywords: nutritional status; sarcopenia; frailty; depression; quality of life; dementia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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