Midlife Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Prior Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis

Diana C. Pacyga, Brad A. Ryva, Romana A. Nowak, Serdar E. Bulun, Ping Yin, Zhong Li, Jodi A. Flaws and Rita S. Strakovsky
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Diana C. Pacyga: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Brad A. Ryva: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Romana A. Nowak: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
Serdar E. Bulun: Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prentice Women’s Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Ping Yin: Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Zhong Li: Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
Jodi A. Flaws: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
Rita S. Strakovsky: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-15

Abstract: Fibroid etiology is poorly understood but is likely hormonally mediated. Therefore, we evaluated associations between midlife phthalates (hormone-altering chemicals) and prior fibroid diagnosis, and considered differences by weight gain status. Women (ages: 45–54; n = 754) self-reported past fibroid diagnosis. We pooled 1–4 urines collected after fibroid diagnosis over the consecutive weeks to analyze nine phthalate metabolites and calculate relevant molar sums (e.g., di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, ΣDEHP; anti-androgenic phthalates, ΣAA; all metabolites, ΣPhthalates). Using Poisson regression, we evaluated associations between phthalate biomarkers and the risk of having fibroid diagnosis. We explored if associations differed by weight gain from age 18 to 45–54 or in women diagnosed with fibroids within 5 years of phthalate assessment. Our major finding was that women had a 13% (RR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.26) and 16% (RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.31) greater risk of prior fibroid diagnosis for each two-fold increase in ΣDEHP or ΣAA, respectively. These associations were strongest in women who became overweight/obese from age 18 to 45–54 and in those diagnosed <5 years before phthalate assessment. Based on these results, prospective studies should corroborate our findings related to associations between phthalates and fibroids, and may consider evaluating the role that weight gain may play in these associations.

Keywords: phthalates; endocrine disruptors; fibroids; leiomyoma; midlife; women (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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