Objective and Subjective Stress Parameters in Response to High and Low-Fidelity Simulation Activities

Marta Czekirda, Patrycja Misztal-Okońska, Anna Włoszczak-Szubzda, Mariusz Goniewicz, Mateusz Cybulski, Krystyna Kowalczuk, Noemi Jaszyna, Maria Pyć, Mariusz Gnat, Joanna Girzelska, Ewa Guz, Mariusz Sutryk, Wioletta Tuszyńska-Bogucka, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Ahmed M. Al-Wathinani and Amir Khorram-Manesh
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Marta Czekirda: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Patrycja Misztal-Okońska: Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Anna Włoszczak-Szubzda: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Mariusz Goniewicz: Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Mateusz Cybulski: Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland
Krystyna Kowalczuk: Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Białystok, 15-096 Białystok, Poland
Noemi Jaszyna: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Maria Pyć: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Mariusz Gnat: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Joanna Girzelska: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Ewa Guz: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Mariusz Sutryk: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Wioletta Tuszyńska-Bogucka: Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Innovation, 20-209 Lublin, Poland
Krzysztof Goniewicz: Department of Aviation Security, Military University of Aviation, 08-521 Dęblin, Poland
Ahmed M. Al-Wathinani: Department of Emergency Medical Services, Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz College Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Amir Khorram-Manesh: Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-12

Abstract: Nursing graduates are required to have both excellent theoretical and practical skills that should be used during stressful emergency interventions. Since the received knowledge should be practiced to gain skills and trained to achieve competences, simulation exercises can be beneficial to even reduce the stress that each individual may face during emergency management of patients. A total of 146 first-year nursing students participated in the study, including 124 women and 22 men aged between 19 and 50 years, with a mean age of 32 years. The objective method estimated psychophysiological parameters (serum cortisol). Objective and subjective methods were used. The subjective method assessed stress experienced by students based on the standardized Stress Appraisal Questionnaire Version B for dispositional assessment. The study was conducted in the Monoprofile Medical Simulation Centre at the University of Economics and Innovation in Lublin, Poland and was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. Both participants under and over 25 years of age showed increased levels of stress after low and high-fidelity simulations, with statistically significantly higher stress levels found for the low fidelity method. Low-fidelity simulation methods generated a greater increase in cortisol levels, indicating a higher stress level than the high-fidelity methods. The analysis of the scores obtained in the Stress Appraisal Questionnaire (KOS-B) showed that higher cortisol levels after the low-fidelity simulation reduced the subjective perception of a threat, while higher cortisol levels before the high-fidelity simulation promoted higher intellectual activity among the students. Levels of stress in the education of nursing students using low and high-fidelity methods can limit the sense of threat and activate professional task performance. The use of low and high-fidelity simulation does not generate destructive stress levels.

Keywords: stress; stressors; cortisol; medical simulation; low-fidelity simulation; high-fidelity simulation; stress appraisal questionnaire; KOS-B; education; nursing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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