Factors Affecting Care-Level Deterioration among Older Adults with Mild and Moderate Disabilities in Japan: Evidence from the Nationally Standardized Survey for Care-Needs Certification

Ai Suzuki, Xueying Jin, Tomoko Ito, Satoru Yoshie, Tatsuro Ishizaki, Katsuya Iijima and Nanako Tamiya
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Ai Suzuki: Master’s Program in Public Health, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
Xueying Jin: Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
Tomoko Ito: Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
Satoru Yoshie: Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
Tatsuro Ishizaki: Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
Katsuya Iijima: Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
Nanako Tamiya: Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-8

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the factors of care-level deterioration in older adults with mild and moderate disabilities using nationally standardized survey data for care-needs certification. We enrolled people aged 68 years or older, certified as support levels 1–2 (mild disability) or care levels 1–2 (moderate disability) with no cancer. The outcome was care-level deterioration after two years. The possible factors were physical and mental functions which were categorized as the following five dimensions according to the survey for care-needs certification: body function, daily life function, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) function, cognitive function, and behavioral problems. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted after stratifying the care level at baseline. A total of 2844 participants were included in our analysis. A low IADL function was significantly associated with a risk of care-level deterioration in all participants. In addition, low cognitive function was linked to care-level deterioration, except for those with support level 1 at baseline. Participants with more behavioral problems were more likely to experience care-level deterioration, except for those with care level 2 at baseline. Our study showed the potential utility of the care-needs certification survey for screening high-risk individuals with care-level deterioration.

Keywords: care level; instrumental activities of daily living; cognitive function; behavioral problems; survey for care-needs certification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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