COVID-19 Vaccination within the Context of Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 Vaccine Administered to Teachers in Poland

Maria Ganczak, Marcin Korzeń, Ewa Sobieraj, Jakub Goławski, Oskar Pasek and Daniel Biesiada
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Maria Ganczak: Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
Marcin Korzeń: Department of Methods of Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics, West Pomeranian Institute of Technology, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
Ewa Sobieraj: Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
Jakub Goławski: Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
Oskar Pasek: Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
Daniel Biesiada: Primary Care Clinic “Lancet”, 73-240 Bierzwnik, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 5, 1-14

Abstract: In February 2021, Polish teachers were offered the ChAdOx1-S vaccine as a priority group. However, there have been concerns among educators regarding the efficacy of this vaccine, as compared to the other types of vaccines (e.g., mRNA). The objective of this study was to investigate the reactogenicity and the immunogenicity of this vaccine. Participants, specifically teachers, were invited for serological testing ≥ 4 weeks post-vaccination. Antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) were measured. Of the 192 participants, the mean age was 50.5 ± 8.3 years and the mean (range) dosing interval was 69.6 ± (25–111) days. Adverse reactions included feeling feverish (44.8%), headache (41.7%), malaise/chills (38.0%), and injection-site tenderness (37.5%); these were reported more frequently after the first dose (84.9%). Fewer males than females (54.8% vs. 80.1%) and fewer older participants (65.7% vs. 90.4%) reported side effects ( p < 0.002; p < 0.0001, respectively). All participants presented detectable anti-RBD IgG; the median (range) reading was 525.0 BAU/mL (20.6–5680.0); 1008.02 BAU/mL (115.3–5680.0) in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection; and 381.42 BAU/mL (20.6–3108.8) in those without ( p = 0.001). In 27.6%, the anti-RBD IgG level was >500 BAU/mL. A multivariate logistic regression revealed that previous infection and longer dose intervals were predictors of higher immunologic responses ( p < 0.0001; p = 0.01, respectively). The results demonstrated good tolerability and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine. Our study justified the longer dose interval to enhance a higher antibody response. Our findings may also support the prioritization of uninfected individuals in regions where COVID-19 vaccine-sparing strategies are required.

Keywords: ChAdOx1 vaccine; teachers; adverse effects; immunogenicity; determinants (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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