Sport Psychological Skill Factors and Scale Development for Taekwondo Athletes

Jung-Hoon Nam, Eung-Joon Kim and Eun-Hyung Cho
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Jung-Hoon Nam: Department of Sports Healthcare, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
Eung-Joon Kim: Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Seoul 05541, Korea
Eun-Hyung Cho: Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 6, 1-14

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the sport psychological skills of Taekwondo athletes and to develop a scale measuring such skills. We collected preliminary data using an open-ended online survey targeting Taekwondo athletes from nine countries (South Korea, China, Malaysia, United States, Spain, France, Brazil, United Kingdom, and Taiwan) who participated in international competitions between 2019 and 2020. We extracted participants’ sport psychological skills from 75 survey responses, guided by expert meetings and a thorough literature review. We verified our Taekwondo psychological skill scale’s construct validity using 840 survey responses. We utilized V coefficients, parallel analysis, an exploratory structural equation model, maximum likelihood, confirmatory factor analysis, and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis for data analysis. We identified six core sport psychological skills: “goal setting,” “confidence,” “imagery,” “self-talk,” “fighting spirit,” and “concentration.” Our final measure, which demonstrated evidence of reliability and validity, comprises 18 items spanning 6 factors, with each item rated on a 3-point Likert scale.

Keywords: taekwondo athletes; sport psychological skill; item response theory; integrated validity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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