Association between Residential Greenness and Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study in South Korea

Jiyun Jung, Jae Yoon Park, Woojae Myung, Jun-Young Lee, Hyunwoong Ko and Hyewon Lee
Additional contact information
Jiyun Jung: Data Management and Statistics Institute, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10326, Korea
Jae Yoon Park: Research Center for Chronic Disease and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
Woojae Myung: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea
Jun-Young Lee: Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Hyunwoong Ko: Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Hyewon Lee: Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 6, 1-13

Abstract: It is widely known that exposure to residential greenness is beneficial for health. However, few studies have analyzed the association between greenery and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We selected 313,355 participants who matched the inclusion criteria from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, followed up from 2007 to 2015. Residential greenness, represented by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), was obtained from satellite measurements. We estimated hazard ratios of PD associated with a 0.1-unit increase in long-term greenness exposure at the district level for the previous 1 year of each year until a censoring/event occurred, using time-varying Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for individual- and area-level characteristics. During the 2,745,389 person-years of follow-up, 2621(0.8%) participants developed PD. Exposure to higher levels of residential greenness was found to be associated with a decreased risk of PD incidence (21% per 0.1-unit increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74–0.84). In subgroup analyses, stronger protective effects were observed in participants aged over 50 years, females, overweight/obese participants, non-urban residents, non-smokers, alcoholics, and those with comorbidities. Long-term exposure to greenness was beneficial to incident PD, and our findings could aid in the development of public-health strategies.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; residential greenness; long-term exposure; cohort study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/6/3491/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/6/3491/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3491-:d:771933

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().