Pre- and Postnatal Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Childhood Cognitive and Adaptive Function

Laura A. McGuinn, Lisa D. Wiggins, Heather E. Volk, Qian Di, Eric J. Moody, Eric Kasten, Joel Schwartz, Robert O. Wright, Laura A. Schieve, Gayle C. Windham and Julie L. Daniels
Additional contact information
Laura A. McGuinn: Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
Lisa D. Wiggins: National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Heather E. Volk: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Qian Di: Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Eric J. Moody: Wyoming Institute of Disabilities, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
Eric Kasten: Clinical & Translational Sciences Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Joel Schwartz: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Robert O. Wright: Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
Laura A. Schieve: National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Gayle C. Windham: California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
Julie L. Daniels: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 7, 1-10

Abstract: Increasing evidence exists for an association between early life fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure and several neurodevelopmental outcomes, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the association between PM 2.5 and adaptive and cognitive function remains poorly understood. Participants included 658 children with ASD, 771 with a non-ASD developmental disorder, and 849 population controls from the Study to Explore Early Development. Adaptive functioning was assessed in ASD cases using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS); cognitive functioning was assessed in all groups using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). A satellite-based model was used to assign PM 2.5 exposure averages during pregnancy, each trimester, and the first year of life. Linear regression was used to estimate beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for maternal age, education, prenatal tobacco use, race-ethnicity, study site, and season of birth. PM 2.5 exposure was associated with poorer VABS scores for several domains, including daily living skills and socialization. Associations were present between prenatal PM 2.5 and lower MSEL scores for all groups combined; results were most prominent for population controls in stratified analyses. These data suggest that early life PM 2.5 exposure is associated with specific aspects of cognitive and adaptive functioning in children with and without ASD.

Keywords: air pollution; autism; cognitive functioning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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