Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels in Pregnant Women with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case-Control Study

Nazaret Ferrer-Sánchez, Marina Díaz-Goicoechea, Victoria Mayoral-Cesar, Silvia García-Solbas, Bruno José Nievas-Soriano, Tesifón Parrón-Carreño and Ana María Fernández-Alonso
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Nazaret Ferrer-Sánchez: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain
Marina Díaz-Goicoechea: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain
Victoria Mayoral-Cesar: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain
Silvia García-Solbas: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Vithas Virgen del Mar Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain
Bruno José Nievas-Soriano: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Tesifón Parrón-Carreño: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Ana María Fernández-Alonso: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 7, 1-11

Abstract: The physiological changes during pregnancy may increase the risk of complications in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone and its role in immunity is appears to be of particular importance in this recent pandemic. Nevertheless, there is little research about the role of vitamin D levels regarding COVID-19 in pregnant women to date. This study aimed to establish a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in pregnant women and COVID-19. A comparative case-control study was performed with a study population of 256 pregnant women (82 pregnant women with infection and 174 women in control group). Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection than in those without infection. In addition, 89% of COVID-19-positive pregnant women had 25(OH)D deficiency, while in the control group the percentage was 75.30%, finding statistically significant differences (ORa = 2.68; 95% CI 1.19–6.06; p = 0.01). Our results find a relationship between vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and COVID-19 infection. This finding could be relevant for actual clinical practice. Thus, more research is needed in this field.

Keywords: vitamin D; COVID-19; coronavirus; pregnant women (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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