Prenatal Exposure to Metals and Neurodevelopment in Infants at Six Months: Rio Birth Cohort Study of Environmental Exposure and Childhood Development (PIPA Project)

Mônica Seefelder de Assis Araujo, Carmen Ildes Rodrigues Froes-Asmus, Nataly Damasceno de Figueiredo, Volney Magalhães Camara, Ronir Raggio Luiz, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Marlos Melo Martins, Silvana do Couto Jacob, Lisia Maria Gobbo dos Santos, Santos Alves Vicentini Neto, Jorge Fonte de Rezende Filho and Joffre Amim Junior
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Mônica Seefelder de Assis Araujo: Public Health Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-592, Brazil
Carmen Ildes Rodrigues Froes-Asmus: Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil
Nataly Damasceno de Figueiredo: Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil
Volney Magalhães Camara: Public Health Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-592, Brazil
Ronir Raggio Luiz: Public Health Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-592, Brazil
Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa: Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil
Marlos Melo Martins: School Maternity Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil
Silvana do Couto Jacob: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
Lisia Maria Gobbo dos Santos: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
Santos Alves Vicentini Neto: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Institute of Quality Control in Health, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
Jorge Fonte de Rezende Filho: Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil
Joffre Amim Junior: Postgraduate Program in Perinatal Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22240-000, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 7, 1-14

Abstract: The PIPA Project is a prospective birth cohort study based in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose pilot study was carried out between October 2017 and August 2018. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were determined in maternal ( n = 49) and umbilical cord blood ( n = 46). The Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST-II) was applied in 50 six-month-old infants. Metals were detected in 100% of the mother and newborn samples above the limits of detection. Maternal blood lead concentrations were higher in premature newborns (GM: 5.72 µg/dL; p = 0.05). One-third of the infants ( n = 17–35.4%) exhibited at least one fail in the neurodevelopment evaluation (fail group). Maternal blood arsenic concentrations were significantly ( p = 0.03) higher in the “fail group” (GM: 11.85 µg/L) compared to infants who did not fail (not fail group) (GM: 8.47 µg/L). Maternal and umbilical cord blood arsenic concentrations were higher in all Denver Test’s domains in the “fail group”, albeit non-statistically significant, showing a tendency for the gross motor domain and maternal blood ( p = 0.07). These findings indicate the need to further investigate the toxic effects of prenatal exposure to metals on infant neurodevelopment.

Keywords: prenatal exposures; children’s health; heavy metals; neurodevelopment; neurodevelopmental screening; umbilical cord blood (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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