Traditional and Undulating Periodization on Body Composition, Strength Levels and Physical Fitness in Older Adults

Salvador Vargas-Molina, Manuel García-Sillero, Ramón Romance, Jorge L. Petro, José Daniel Jiménez-García, Diego A. Bonilla, Richard B. Kreider and Javier Benítez-Porres
Additional contact information
Salvador Vargas-Molina: Faculty of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 29018 Málaga, Spain
Manuel García-Sillero: Faculty of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 29018 Málaga, Spain
Ramón Romance: Body Composition and Biodynamic Laboratory, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Jorge L. Petro: Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society—DBSS International SAS, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
José Daniel Jiménez-García: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Diego A. Bonilla: Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society—DBSS International SAS, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Richard B. Kreider: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Javier Benítez-Porres: Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 8, 1-14

Abstract: Introduction: Undulating training has been investigated in sedentary and trained adults, but less is known about the influence of undulating training in older adults. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate body composition, strength levels, and physical fitness in response to traditional or undulating training in older adults. Methods: A controlled, double-arm trial was conducted in eighteen older adults (10 males, 8 females; 64 ± 2.1 years; 165.12 ± 7.5 cm; 72.5 ± 11.4 kg; 26.5 ± 3.2 k·gm −2 ) who were randomly assigned to traditional ( n = 9, TT) or undulating training ( n = 9, UT) for eight weeks. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), and bone mineral density (BMD). Strength levels were evaluated by the handgrip strength and the one-repetition maximum in vertical chest press, rowing machine, squat, monopodal horizontal leg press, and leg extension. In addition, functional capacity was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Statistical analysis included mean/median comparisons to establish the difference after the intervention (paired Student’s t -test or Wilcoxon test), and effect size calculations based on estimates. Results: After correction for fat-free adipose tissue, a significant increase in FFM was observed in both groups, while no significant changes were found in FM and BMD. Upper- and lower-limbs strength showed significant increases in both groups, although clinical significance varied among exercises. Favorable results were seen on the cardiorespiratory fitness and strength components of the SFT in both groups. Conclusions: The 8-week UT and TT protocols are valid options for improving FFM and increasing strength and functional capacity in women and men over 60 years of age.

Keywords: aging; resistance training; aged; elderly; muscular function; functional capacity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/8/4522/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/8/4522/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4522-:d:789990

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().