Passive Smoking and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Nonsmoking Women: A Prospective Cohort Study in China

Jigen Na, Huiting Chen, Hang An, Mengyuan Ren, Xiaoqian Jia, Bin Wang, Zhiwen Li, Xiaohong Liu, Rongwei Ye and Nan Li
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Jigen Na: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Huiting Chen: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Hang An: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Mengyuan Ren: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Xiaoqian Jia: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Bin Wang: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Zhiwen Li: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Xiaohong Liu: Beijing Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
Rongwei Ye: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Nan Li: Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 8, 1-8

Abstract: Background: Increasing evidence has shown that active smoking can increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the effect of passive smoking is still unknown. Women in pregnancy are vulnerable to secondhand smoke. This study explored the association of passive smoking with GDM in China. Method: A total of 3083 nonsmoking pregnant women living in Beijing were recruited into a prospective cohort study. Sociodemographic and passive smoking data were collected with structured questionnaires during face-to-face interviews. Glucose levels were measured by physicians according to standard protocols. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for the association estimation after accounting for potential confounders. Result: In total, 562 of the 3083 participants developed GDM (18.23%); 779 participants (25.27%) reported exposure to passive smoking. After adjusting for age, BMI, ethnicity, education, occupation, and parity, passive smoking conferred an approximately 1.4-fold risk increase in GDM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.11, 1.70)). The adjusted ORs with 95% CIs for passive smoking levels of <1, 1–6, and ≥7 times per week were 1.21 (0.94, 1.55), 1.81 (1.22, 2.69), and 1.70 (1.02, 2.84), respectively. An obvious passive-smoking–GDM association was observed among only nulliparous women (adjusted OR = 1.45, 95% CI: (1.14, 1.85)). Conclusion: Frequent exposure to secondhand smoke could increase the risk of GDM among nonsmoking pregnant women. Parity status might modify their association. Public policies should be advocated to prevent passive smoking among this population.

Keywords: passive smoking; gestational diabetes mellitus; pregnant women; parity; cohort study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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