Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Obese Women

Brittanie Lockard, Michelle Mardock, Jonathan M. Oliver, Mike Byrd, Sunday Simbo, Andrew R. Jagim, Julie Kresta, Claire C. Baetge, Yanghoon Peter Jung, Majid S. Koozehchian, Deepesh Khanna, Chris Rasmussen and Richard B. Kreider
Additional contact information
Brittanie Lockard: School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA
Michelle Mardock: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Jonathan M. Oliver: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Mike Byrd: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Sunday Simbo: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Andrew R. Jagim: Department of Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Onalaska, WI 54650, USA
Julie Kresta: College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University Central-Texas, Killeen, TX 76549, USA
Claire C. Baetge: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Yanghoon Peter Jung: CJ CheilJedang, Suwon 16495, Korea
Majid S. Koozehchian: Department of Kinesiology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL 36265, USA
Deepesh Khanna: Department of Foundational Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL 33759, USA
Chris Rasmussen: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Richard B. Kreider: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 8, 1-16

Abstract: Aim: To compare the efficacy of two popular weight loss approaches on weight loss, body composition, and markers of health in sedentary obese women. Methods: In total, 51 sedentary women (age 34.5 ± 7.7 yrs.; weight 90.0 ± 14.5 kg; BMI 34.0 ± 5.1 kg/m 2 ; 46.5 ± 7.0% fat) were matched and randomized to participate in the Weight Watchers ® Momentum™ (WW) or Curves ® (CV) Fitness and Weight Management program for 16 weeks. Participants in the WW group ( n = 27) were provided a point-based diet program, received weekly progress checks and counseling, and were encouraged to exercise. Participants in the CV group ( n = 24) followed a menu-based higher protein/low-fat diet (1200 kcal/d) for 1 week; 1500 kcal/d diet for 3 weeks; and 2000–2500 kcals/d for 2 weeks that was repeated three times (except the last segment) while participating in a supervised circuit-style resistance training program (3 d/wk). A general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures was used to analyze data and are presented as mean changes from baseline (mean [UL, LL]). Results: Supervised CV training resulted in greater amounts of vigorous and total physical activity. After 16 weeks, both groups lost weight (WW ?6.1 [?7.8, ?4.6], CV ?4.9 [?6.2, ?3.2] kg, p = 0.264). Participants in the CV group observed greater reductions in fat mass (WW ?2.9 [?6.7, ?0.2], CV ?6.4 [?9.2, ?3.6] kg, p = 0.081) and increases in lean mass (WW ?2.5 [?4.3, ?0.7], CV 1.3 [?0.6, 3.2] kg, p = 0.005) resulting in more favorable changes in percent body fat (WW ?1.4 [?4.1, 1.2], CV ?4.7 [?7.5, ?1.8]%, p = 0.098). Both groups observed improvements in peak aerobic capacity and muscular endurance, although bench press lifting volume was greater in the CV group. Those in the CV group experienced a greater increase in HDLc and reduction in the CHL–HDLc ratio and triglycerides. Conclusion: Both interventions promoted weight loss and improvements in fitness and markers of health. The CV program, which included supervised resistance training and higher protein diet menus, promoted greater fat loss, increases in lean mass, and improvements in percent body fat and blood lipids. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT04372771, registered retrospectively 1 May 2020.

Keywords: body composition; fat loss; high-protein diet; training adaptations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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