Impact of P-Chloroaniline on Oxidative Stress and Biomacromolecules Damage in the Clam Ruditapes philippinarums: A Simulate Toxicity Test of Spill Incident

Manni Wu, Jingjing Miao, Yuhan Li, Jiangyue Wu, Guoshan Wang, Dasheng Zhang and Luqing Pan
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Manni Wu: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Jingjing Miao: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Yuhan Li: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Jiangyue Wu: National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Beijing 100194, China
Guoshan Wang: National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Beijing 100194, China
Dasheng Zhang: Hebei Institute of Water Science, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
Luqing Pan: Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 9, 1-14

Abstract: As a hazardous chemical, p-chloroaniline (PCA) shows intensive adsorption and accumulation after entering the aquatic ecosystem, which can be enriched in organisms and cause damage. With the objective of achieving an integrated and mechanistic view of the toxic effects of PCA in the marine sentinel organism Ruditapes philippinarum , Manila clams were exposed to different concentration of PCA (0.5, 2 and 5 mg/L) for 15 days. Focusing on the gills, first targeting the toxic and digestive gland, the metabolic detoxification organ, we detected dose- and time-related changes inantioxidase activities and biomacromolecular damages in treated clams. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and glutathione (GSH) contents were significantly induced, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at the beginning of exposure and then decreased. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein methylation (PC) contents which represent lipid peroxidation and carbonylation of proteins, increased first with exposure time and then decreased in the digestive gland. DNA strand break levels were consistently higher than those in the control group. The digestive gland showed more sensitivity to the stress of PCA than the gills. GST and MDA in the gill and GST, GSH, SOD, DNA strand break level in the digestive gland showed significant correlation with PCA exposure, which indicated that these parameters can be used as sensitive biomarkers to indicate toxic effects from chloraniline leakage.

Keywords: p-chloroaniline; Ruditapes philippinarums; oxidative stress; DNA damage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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