A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship between Oral Function and Sarcopenia in Japanese Patients with Regular Dental Maintenance

Ryuichi Shirahase, Yutaka Watanabe, Tohru Saito, Yusuke Sunakawa, Yuya Matsushita, Hideki Tsugayasu and Yutaka Yamazaki
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Ryuichi Shirahase: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Yutaka Watanabe: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Tohru Saito: Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan
Yusuke Sunakawa: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Yuya Matsushita: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Hideki Tsugayasu: Medical Corporation Shuwa-Kai Tsugayasu Dental Clinic, Obihiro 080-0020, Japan
Yutaka Yamazaki: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: We aimed to clarify the relationship between oral function assessments regarding oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in patients who had completed treatment for organic dental problems, including oral pain, removable denture fit, and tooth loss. This cross-sectional study included 269 patients aged ≥65 years (mean age 74.9 ± 6.50 years, 133 men, 136 women) who visited a dental clinic between June 2019 and March 2021. We evaluated oral function and sarcopenia and analyzed their relationship using the Jonckheere–Terpstra test, Mantel–Haenszel trend test, and Poisson regression analysis. We diagnosed 132 (49.07%) patients with oral hypofunction, 30 (11.2%) with sarcopenia, and 24 (8.9%) with severe sarcopenia. The number of oral hypofunction items (prevalence rate ratio [PRR] = 1.39, 95%Wald = 0.11 to 0.56) was significantly associated with sarcopenia. For each of the items, tongue-lip motor function [ta] (PRR = 0.80, 95%Wald = −0.44 to −0.02)] [ka] (PRR = 0.76, 95%Wald = −0.53 to −0.03) and tongue pressure (PRR = 0.95, 95%Wald = −0.09 to −0.02) showed a significant association with sarcopenia. However, no significant association was found for other variables. Dentists should not only treat organic dental problems but also consider the relationship between oral function and sarcopenia.

Keywords: oral hypofunction; sarcopenia; super-aged society; organic dental problems; mobility-impaired dental problems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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