Association between Diet, Physical Activity and Nutritional Status of Male Border Guard Officers

Anna Anyżewska, Roman Łakomy, Tomasz Lepionka, Ewelina Maculewicz, Ewa Szarska, Andrzej Tomczak, Izabela Bolczyk and Jerzy Bertrandt
Additional contact information
Anna Anyżewska: University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland
Roman Łakomy: Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
Tomasz Lepionka: Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
Ewelina Maculewicz: Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland
Ewa Szarska: Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
Andrzej Tomczak: Independent Researcher, 02-348 Warsaw, Poland
Izabela Bolczyk: The Polish Border Guard Headquarters, 00-514 Warsaw, Poland
Jerzy Bertrandt: Faculty of Economic Sciences, John Paul II University of Applied Sciences in Biala Podlaska, Sidorska 95/97, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 9, 1-14

Abstract: The main factors that determine the effectiveness and reliability of duties and tasks performed by border guard officers, are very good health and maintaining a high level of psychophysical fitness that depend mainly on adequate diet and physical activity and thus, nutritional status. The aim of the study was to verify the correlations between dietary habits, physical activity level and selected nutritional status indicators. One hundred and sixty-nine male border guard officers participated in the study. A 61-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary habits and a long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity. Fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and bone calcification was assessed by the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Many correlations between dietary habits, as well as the physical activity of officers and body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI) and visceral fat level (VFL) were found, while bone mineral density (BMD T-score) negatively correlated only with two food groups and 6 out of 61 products but did not correlate with physical activity. The results also confirmed many poor dietary habits and abnormalities in nutritional status. Thus, there is a need for nutritional education and further monitoring of health-related behaviors, as well as monitoring the nutritional status of border guard officers.

Keywords: diet; nutrition; physical activity; nutritional status; body mass index; fat mass index; bone mineral density; border guard officers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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