Towards a Characterization of Background Music Audibility in Broadcasted TV

Roser Batlle-Roca (), Perfecto Herrera-Boyer, Blai Meléndez-Catalán, Emilio Molina and Xavier Serra
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Roser Batlle-Roca: Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
Perfecto Herrera-Boyer: Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
Blai Meléndez-Catalán: BMAT Music Innovators (BMAT Licensing, S.L.), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Emilio Molina: BMAT Music Innovators (BMAT Licensing, S.L.), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Xavier Serra: Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: In audiovisual contexts, different conventions determine the level at which background music is mixed into the final program, and sometimes, the mix renders the music to be practically or totally inaudible. From a perceptual point of view, the audibility of music is subject to auditory masking by other aural stimuli such as voice or additional sounds (e.g., applause, laughter, horns), and is also influenced by the visual content that accompanies the soundtrack, and by attentional and motivational factors. This situation is relevant to the music industry because, according to some copyright regulations, the non-audible background music must not generate any distribution rights, and the marginally audible background music must generate half of the standard value of audible music. In this study, we conduct two psychoacoustic experiments to identify several factors that influence background music perception, and their contribution to its variable audibility. Our experiments are based on auditory detection and chronometric tasks involving keyboard interactions with original TV content. From the collected data, we estimated a sound-to-music ratio range to define the audibility threshold limits of the barely audible class. In addition, results show that perception is affected by loudness level, listening condition, music sensitivity, and type of television content.

Keywords: background music; loudness perception; psychoacoustic experiments; complex auditory scene; everyday life environments; broadcasted TV; listening conditions; behaviour and cognition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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