Effect of Personality Type on the Occurrence of Temporomandibular Disorders—A Cross-Sectional Study

Magdalena Mitrowska-Guźmińska, Magdalena Gębska, Kinga Jonko, Bartosz Dalewski, Łukasz Pałka (), Magdalena Chęć and Ewa Sobolewska
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Magdalena Mitrowska-Guźmińska: Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Magdalena Gębska: Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Kinga Jonko: Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Bartosz Dalewski: Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Łukasz Pałka: Private Dental Practice, 68-200 Zary, Poland
Magdalena Chęć: Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Szczecin, Krakowska 69, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland
Ewa Sobolewska: Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Background: Personality traits are one of the major factors influencing the behavior and functioning of an individual, and they play a crucial role in the development of psychosomatic disorders and diseases. This paper aimed to evaluate the importance of personality traits in temporomandibular disorder (TMDs) development using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory by Paul Costa and Robert McCrae (the Five-Factor Model of Personality, known as the Big Five). Moreover, the relationship between personality type and the intensity of dysfunctional changes in the stomatognathic system was assessed using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory by Paul Costa and Robert McCrae (the Five-Factor Model of Personality, known as the Big Five). Material and Methods: The study included a group of 75 adult participants (aged 19–52) with TMD diagnosed according to DC/TMD criteria and a control group of 75 participants without symptoms of dysfunction. The study consisted of a questionnaire and clinical study; the questionnaire included the NEO-FFI psychological questionnaire and a self-authored one. The clinical part consisted of extra- and intraoral dental examinations. Results: Participants who clenched their teeth showed a greater degree of conscientiousness than those who did not exhibit this symptom ( p = 0.048). Presence of headaches was correlated with greater severity of neuroticism ( p = 0.001). Moreover, participants with enamel cracks showed a lower intensity of extraversion ( p = 0.039), and those with worn hard dental tissues showed a higher intensity of neuroticism ( p = 0.03), a lower intensity of conscientiousness ( p = 0.01), and a lower intensity of extroversion ( p = 0.046). Acoustic symptoms during mandibular movements were found to be linked with a higher level of neuroticism ( p = 0.020), a lower level of extraversion ( p = 0.035), and a lower level of conscientiousness, whereas pain upon mandibular movements were linked to a lower level of conscientiousness ( p = 0.025). Participants with pain upon palpation of the masticatory muscles showed a lower level of conscientiousness ( p = 0.01) compared to those without pain symptoms. Episodes of mandibular blockage or problems with its adduction depend on the intensity of conscientiousness ( p = 0.007). Moreover, people from the study group with high levels of neuroticism showed lower protrusion values ( p = 0.016). Conclusion: The intensity of individual personality traits was found to be associated with some TMDs in comparison to healthy controls.

Keywords: stomatognathic system; TMD; stress; personality type; mental health; physical health; big five (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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