Developing a Scale Using Item Response Theory of the Self-Resilience in Taekwondo Players

Hyun-Bin Kim, Jung-Hun Nam, Dong-Hwa Chung () and Eun-Hyung Cho ()
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Hyun-Bin Kim: Department of Physical Education, Dae Duk University, Daejeon 34111, Republic of Korea
Jung-Hun Nam: Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Seoul 05541, Republic of Korea
Dong-Hwa Chung: Department of Convergence of Sports, Sang Myung University, Cheonan-Si 31162, Republic of Korea
Eun-Hyung Cho: Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Republic of Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the ego-resiliency of Taekwondo athletes and to develop a scale measuring such skills. We collected preliminary data using an open-ended online survey targeting Taekwondo athletes from nine countries (South Korea, China, Malaysia, United States, Spain, France, Brazil, United Kingdom, and Taiwan) who participated in international competitions between 2019 and 2020. We extracted participants’ ego-resiliency from 48 survey responses, guided by expert meetings and a thorough literature review. We verified our Taekwondo ego-resiliency scale’s construct validity using 741 survey responses. We utilized V coefficients, parallel analysis, an exploratory structural equation model, maximum likelihood, confirmatory factor analysis, and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis for data analysis. We identified four core ego-resiliency types: “empathy,” “coach support,” “care,” and “parent support/effort”. Our final measure, which demonstrated evidence of reliability and validity, comprises 18 items spanning 4 factors, with each item rated on a 3-point Likert scale.

Keywords: validation; ego-resilience; taekwondo (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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