The Triglycerides and Glucose (TyG) Index Is Associated with 1-Hour Glucose Levels during an OGTT

Mattia Massimino, Giuseppe Monea, Giuseppe Marinaro, Mariangela Rubino, Elettra Mancuso, Gaia Chiara Mannino () and Francesco Andreozzi
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Mattia Massimino: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Giuseppe Monea: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Giuseppe Marinaro: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Mariangela Rubino: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Elettra Mancuso: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Gaia Chiara Mannino: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Francesco Andreozzi: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Among individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), subjects with high levels of plasma glucose (≥155 mg/dL) at sixty minutes during an oral glucose tolerance test (1h-OGTT) are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association between the triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, a novel marker of insulin resistance, with 1h-OGTT glucose plasma concentrations. Material and Methods: 1474 non-diabetic Caucasian subjects underwent a 75 g OGTT and were divided into two groups according to the cutoff 1h-OGTT plasma glucose < 155 mg/dL (NGT-1h-low) and ≥ 155 mg/dL (NGT-1h-high). The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglycerides (milligrams per deciliter) × fasting blood glucose (milligrams per deciliter)/2]. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to establish the contribution of the TyG index to the variability of 1h-OGTT glucose, and how the former affected the risk of being NGT-1h-high. Results: 1004 individuals were NGT-1h-low and 470 were NGT-1h-high. The TyG index was higher for NGT-1h-high ( p = 0.001) individuals, and it was an independent factor influencing 1h-OGTT glycemia (β = 0.191, p < 0.001) after correcting for age, sex, and BMI. The TyG index was the strongest marker associated with the risk of being NGT-1h-high (OR = 1.703, CI 95% 1.34–2.17, p < 0.001) when compared with FPG (OR = 1.054, CI 95% 1.04–1.07, p < 0.001) and the HOMA-IR (OR = 1.156, CI 95% 1.08–1.23, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the TyG index, an efficient and cost-effective marker of insulin resistance, is associated with the variability of early post-challenge glucose levels and is an independent marker of being NGT-1h-high.

Keywords: prediabetes; 1 h post-load glucose; triglyceride–glucose index; impaired glucose tolerance; insulin resistance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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