Exploring the Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and Ageing: A Possible Age Modulator

Juan Salazar, Pablo Durán, María P. Díaz, Maricarmen Chacín, Raquel Santeliz, Edgardo Mengual, Emma Gutiérrez, Xavier León, Andrea Díaz, Marycarlota Bernal, Daniel Escalona, Luis Alberto Parra Hernández and Valmore Bermúdez ()
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Juan Salazar: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Pablo Durán: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
María P. Díaz: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Maricarmen Chacín: Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
Raquel Santeliz: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Edgardo Mengual: Biological Research Institute “Doctors Orlando Castejon and Haydee V Castejon”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Emma Gutiérrez: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Xavier León: Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Cuenca 010101, Ecuador
Andrea Díaz: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Marycarlota Bernal: Facultad de Ingenierias, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540001, Colombia
Daniel Escalona: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
Luis Alberto Parra Hernández: Sociedad Internacional de Rejuvenecimiento Facial No Quirúrgico (SIRF), Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
Valmore Bermúdez: Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 10, 1-24

Abstract: The gut microbiota (GM) has been the subject of intense research in recent years. Therefore, numerous factors affecting its composition have been thoroughly examined, and with them, their function and role in the individual’s systems. The gut microbiota’s taxonomical composition dramatically impacts older adults’ health status. In this regard, it could either extend their life expectancy via the modulation of metabolic processes and the immune system or, in the case of dysbiosis, predispose them to age-related diseases, including bowel inflammatory and musculoskeletal diseases and metabolic and neurological disorders. In general, the microbiome of the elderly tends to present taxonomic and functional changes, which can function as a target to modulate the microbiota and improve the health of this population. The GM of centenarians is unique, with the faculty-promoting metabolic pathways capable of preventing and counteracting the different processes associated with age-related diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota can exhibit anti-ageing properties are mainly based on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. This review focuses on analysing the current knowledge of gut microbiota characteristics and modifiers, its relationship with ageing, and the GM-modulating approaches to increase life expectancy.

Keywords: gut microbiota; ageing; longevity; centenarian; immune system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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