The Influence of Whey Protein on Muscle Strength, Glycemic Control and Functional Tasks in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Resistance Exercise Program: Randomized and Triple Blind Clinical Trial

André Luiz de Seixas Soares, Adriana Machado-Lima, Guilherme Carlos Brech (), Júlia Maria D’Andréa Greve, Joselma Rodrigues dos Santos, Thiago Resende Inojossa, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, João Eduardo Nunes Salles, José Maria Santarem-Sobrinho, Catherine L. Davis and Angelica Castilho Alonso
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André Luiz de Seixas Soares: Program in Aging Sciences, Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Adriana Machado-Lima: Program in Aging Sciences, Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Guilherme Carlos Brech: Program in Aging Sciences, Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Júlia Maria D’Andréa Greve: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Joselma Rodrigues dos Santos: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Thiago Resende Inojossa: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Marcelo Macedo Rogero: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, FMSUP, São Paulo 01151-000, SP, Brazil
João Eduardo Nunes Salles: Department of Internal Medicine, The Discipline of Endocrinology, Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01224-001, SP, Brazil
José Maria Santarem-Sobrinho: Centro de Estudos em Ciências da Atividade Física-CECAFI-FMUSP, São Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
Catherine L. Davis: Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
Angelica Castilho Alonso: Program in Aging Sciences, Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo 03166-000, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 10, 1-13

Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the effect of whey protein (WP) supplementation associated with resistance training (RT) on glycemic control, functional tasks, muscle strength, and body composition in older adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secondly, to evaluate the safety of the protocol for renal function. Methods: The population comprised twenty-six older men living with T2DM (68.5 ± 11.5 years old). The participants were randomly assigned to the Protein Group (PG) and the Control Group (CG). The handgrip test and evolution of exercise loads, according to the Omni Resistance Exercise Scale, evaluated muscle strength. Functional tasks were assessed by force platform in three different protocols: Sit-to-Stand, Step/Quick Turn, and Step Up/Over. Body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance and glycemic control and renal function were assessed by biochemical analyses. Both groups performed RT for 12 weeks, twice a week, prioritizing large muscle groups. Protein supplementation was 20 g of whey protein isolate and the CG was supplemented with an isocaloric drink, containing 20 g of maltodextrin. Results: There was a significant difference in muscle strength, according to the evolution of the exercise loads, but it was not confirmed in the handgrip test. However, there was no significant difference between the groups, regarding performance in functional tasks, glycemic control, or body composition. Renal function showed no alteration. Conclusion: The intake of 20 g of WP in older male adults living with T2DM did not increase the effect of RT on muscle strength, functional tasks, and glycemic control. The intervention was proven safe regarding renal function.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes; resistance training; postural balance; older adults; whey protein (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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