Individual and Contextual Determinants of Flu Vaccination Adherence: A University Nudge Intervention

Nadia Pecoraro, Francesca Malatesta, Luna Carpinelli, Domenico Fornino, Claudio Giordano, Giuseppina Moccia, Matilde Perillo, Mario Capunzo, Giulia Savarese () and Francesco De Caro
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Nadia Pecoraro: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Francesca Malatesta: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Luna Carpinelli: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Domenico Fornino: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Claudio Giordano: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Giuseppina Moccia: Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Matilde Perillo: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Mario Capunzo: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Giulia Savarese: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
Francesco De Caro: Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry—Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 10, 1-10

Abstract: Introduction: The University of Salerno has implemented a nudge intervention with the aim of promoting vaccine adherence among employees of academia and identifying individual and contextual determinants that influence adherence. Method: A purpose-built questionnaire was used during the reference period of October–December 2022 in order to assess levels of state anxiety (STAI-Y1), perceived stress (PSS-10), and public sentiments, which influence vaccination behavior, with consequences for the whole population (VCI). Results: Analysis of the results revealed a difference in mean scores on the PSS: those who have always adhered to the vaccination campaign compared to those who have never been vaccinated perceived higher levels of stress (12.01 vs. 11.33; F = 4.744, p = 0.031); furthermore, there was a relationship between the presence/absence of pathologies and VCI (F = 3,93; df = 1; p = 0.04). Conclusions: The University of Salerno’s nudge intervention made its employees more responsible for protecting the health of the academic community and encouraged good adherence to the flu vaccination campaign. University employees, equipped with high cultural tools, sought information primarily from institutional sources indicated by the university during the free vaccination campaign at the university’s vaccine center.

Keywords: flu vaccine; confidence; nudge intervention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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