Using the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of Health Behavior Change to Explain the Seeking of Stool-Based Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening

Manoj Sharma, Christopher Johansen (), Kavita Batra (), Chia-Liang Dai, Ravi Batra, Traci Hayes and Aditi Singh
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Manoj Sharma: Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
Christopher Johansen: Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
Kavita Batra: Office of Research, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
Chia-Liang Dai: Department of Teaching and Learning, College of Education, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
Ravi Batra: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
Traci Hayes: Department of Public Health, School of Health Professions, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
Aditi Singh: Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 16, 1-19

Abstract: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. While colorectal cancer is on the decline in the United States (US), disparities still exist, despite the non-invasive screening modalities, such as stool-based tests have shown themselves to be effective in the detection of colorectal cancer. Many of the existing stool-based test interventions lack the use of a contemporary theory-based approach. Given the paucity of theory-based interventions intended to promote stool-based tests, this cross-sectional study utilizes the multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change to explain the seeking of stool-based tests for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. An online 57-item questionnaire with an established psychometric validity was used to collect responses from the US-based sample ( n = 640) of adults aged 45–75 years old. The data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical methods. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the construct validity of the survey instrument. In this nationwide sample, 39.2% ( n = 251) of participants reported having received some form of a stool-based test. Among the participants who did not undergo stool-based CRC screening, the MTM subscales, including “participatory dialogue”, “behavioral confidence”, and “changes in the social environment”, were significant predictors of initiating screening behavior and explained 48% of the variance in the initiation among this group (R 2 = 0.579, F = 5.916, p < 0.001; adjusted R 2 = 0.481). The MTM may be a useful framework with which to design educational, mass media, social media, and clinical interventions for the promotion of stool-based CRC screening among adults aged 45–75 years old.

Keywords: multi-theory model; screening; colorectal cancer; polyps (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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