The Italian Validation of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale: Underlying Factor Structure in Psychotic Patients and the General Population

Maria Donata Orfei (), Desirée Estela Porcari, Gianfranco Spalletta, Francesca Assogna, Fabrizio Piras, Nerisa Banaj and Emiliano Ricciardi
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Maria Donata Orfei: Molecular Mind Laboratory (MoMiLab), IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Piazza S. Francesco, 19, 55100 Lucca, Italy
Desirée Estela Porcari: Molecular Mind Laboratory (MoMiLab), IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Piazza S. Francesco, 19, 55100 Lucca, Italy
Gianfranco Spalletta: Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
Francesca Assogna: Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
Fabrizio Piras: Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
Nerisa Banaj: Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
Emiliano Ricciardi: Molecular Mind Laboratory (MoMiLab), IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Piazza S. Francesco, 19, 55100 Lucca, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 17, 1-14

Abstract: Cognitive insight refers to the ability to question one’s judgments and cognitive biases and is underpinned by specific metacognitive processes. The Beck Cognitive Insight Scale was developed to assess cognitive insight and includes two subscales, Self-Reflectiveness and Self-Certainty (SC). The present study aimed to investigate the underlying factor structure of the Italian version of the BCIS in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and in the general population (GP) for the first time. A cross-sectional design was adopted and a GP sample of 624 subjects and an SZ sample of 130 patients were enrolled. In the SZ group, a two-factor solution was supported. The internal reliability of each factor was satisfactory. Two items were eliminated and one item moved from the SC to the SR subscale. In the GP group, a two-factor solution was highlighted. The internal reliability of each factor was satisfactory. However, four items of the SR subscale were deleted. The Italian-validated version of the BCIS shows different structures for the SZ and the GP and is characterized by different features concerning previous studies. This evidence suggests new interpretations of metacognitive processes in the two populations and implies specific therapeutic approaches.

Keywords: cognitive insight; metacognition; psychometric properties; validation; schizophrenia; general population (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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