Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance to Monitor Tick-Borne Diseases: A 6-Year Small-Area Analysis in Northeastern Italy

Massimiliano Colucci, Marco Fonzo (), Liana Miccolis, Irene Amoruso, Sara Mondino, Andrea Trevisan, Romina Cazzaro, Tatjana Baldovin and Chiara Bertoncello
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Massimiliano Colucci: Hospital Direction, Local Health Authority 8 (Azienda ULSS Berica), Veneto Region, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
Marco Fonzo: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Liana Miccolis: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Irene Amoruso: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Sara Mondino: Hospital Direction, Local Health Authority 8 (Azienda ULSS Berica), Veneto Region, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
Andrea Trevisan: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Romina Cazzaro: Hospital Direction, Local Health Authority 8 (Azienda ULSS Berica), Veneto Region, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
Tatjana Baldovin: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
Chiara Bertoncello: Hygiene and Public Health Unit, Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 19, 1-12

Abstract: Tick-borne diseases (TBD) are endemic in Europe. However, surveillance is currently incomplete. Alternative strategies need to be considered. The aim of this study was to test an Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance (EDSyS) system as a complementary data source to describe the impact of tick bites and TBD using a small-area analysis approach and to monitor the risk of TBD to target prevention. ED databases in the Local Health Authority 8 District (Veneto, Italy) were queried for tick-bite and TBD-related visits between January 2017 and December 2022. Hospitalisations were also collected. Events involving the resident population were used to calculate incidence rates. A total of 4187 ED visits for tick-bite and 143 for TBD were recorded; in addition, 62 TBD-related hospitalisations (of which 72.6% in over 50 s and 22.6% in over 65 s). ED visits peaked in spring and in autumn, followed by a 4-week lag in the increase in hospital admissions. The small-area analysis identified two areas at higher risk of bites and TBD. The use of a EDSyS system allowed two natural foci to be identified. This approach proved useful in predicting temporal and geographic risk of TBD and in identifying local endemic areas, thus enabling an effective multidisciplinary prevention strategy.

Keywords: syndromic surveillance; tick-borne diseases; Lyme disease; tick-borne encephalitis; incidence; epidemic intelligence; small-area analysis; emergency department; Italy; tick-bites (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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