Perioperative Nutritional Management in Enhanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery

Giovanna Flore, Andrea Deledda, Michele Fosci, Mauro Lombardo, Enrico Moroni, Stefano Pintus, Fernanda Velluzzi () and Giovanni Fantola
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Giovanna Flore: Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Andrea Deledda: Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Michele Fosci: Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Mauro Lombardo: Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
Enrico Moroni: Obesity Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ed Alta Specializzazione G. Brotzu, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
Stefano Pintus: Obesity Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ed Alta Specializzazione G. Brotzu, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
Fernanda Velluzzi: Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Giovanni Fantola: Obesity Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale ed Alta Specializzazione G. Brotzu, 09134 Cagliari, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 19, 1-16

Abstract: Obesity is a crucial health problem because it leads to several chronic diseases with an increased risk of mortality and it is very hard to reverse with conventional treatment including changes in lifestyle and pharmacotherapy. Bariatric surgery (BS), comprising a range of various surgical procedures that modify the digestive tract favouring weight loss, is considered the most effective medical intervention to counteract severe obesity, especially in the presence of metabolic comorbidities. The Enhanced Recovery After Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) protocols include a set of recommendations that can be applied before and after BS. The primary aim of ERABS protocols is to facilitate and expedite the recovery process while enhancing the overall effectiveness of bariatric procedures. ERABS protocols include indications about preoperative fasting as well as on how to feed the patient on the day of the intervention, and how to nourish and hydrate in the days after BS. This narrative review examines the application, the feasibility and the efficacy of ERABS protocols applied to the field of nutrition. We found that ERABS protocols, in particular not fasting the patient before the surgery, are often not correctly applied for reasons that are not evidence-based. Furthermore, we identified some gaps in the research about some practises that could be implemented in the presence of additional evidence.

Keywords: obesity; bariatric surgery; ERABS protocols; fasting; efficacy; metabolic comorbidities; preoperative fasting; carbohydrate loading; postoperative refeeding; perioperative nutrition; early refeeding (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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