Perception of Parental Attitudes and Self-Efficacy in Refusing Alcohol Drinking and Smoking by Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

José Jesús Gázquez Linares, Ana Belén Barragán Martín (), María del Mar Molero Jurado, María del Mar Simón Márquez, María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes, África Martos Martínez and Rosa María Del Pino Salvador
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José Jesús Gázquez Linares: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Ana Belén Barragán Martín: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
María del Mar Molero Jurado: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
María del Mar Simón Márquez: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
África Martos Martínez: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Rosa María Del Pino Salvador: Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to initiation of the use of substances harmful to health, and its increase is cause for concern. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy in refusing alcohol and the attitude of adolescents toward drugs and their perception of their parents’ attitude toward refusal. The study was carried out in 2019 in a sample of 1287 students from 11 public high schools in the province of Almería (Spain). Students were aged 14 to 18 in their 3rd and 4th year of compulsory secondary education. The Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire—Revised Adolescent version (DRSEQ-RA), Attitudes Toward Taking Drugs—Basic BIP Scale and the Parents’ attitudes Toward Drug Use were administered. The results showed that family relationships seem to have a direct impact on adolescent patterns in smoking and drinking alcohol. However, a favorable attitude toward drugs is a risk factor for drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco. The self-efficacy dimension also acts as a protective factor against the probability of using alcohol or tobacco. The conclusions emphasized that communication within the family core can increase or decrease the risk of adolescents using substances harmful to health.

Keywords: parental attitudes; self-efficacy; adolescents; alcohol use; smoking; tobacco (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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