Geospatial Overlap of Undernutrition and Tuberculosis in Ethiopia

Fasil Wagnew (), Kefyalew Addis Alene, Matthew Kelly and Darren Gray
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Fasil Wagnew: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
Kefyalew Addis Alene: Geospatial and Tuberculosis Research Team, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands 6009, Australia
Matthew Kelly: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (NCEPH), College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
Darren Gray: Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane 4006, Australia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 21, 1-15

Abstract: Undernutrition is a key driver of the global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic, yet there is limited understanding regarding the spatial overlap of both diseases. This study aimed to determine the geographical co-distribution and socio-climatic factors of undernutrition and TB in Ethiopia. Data on undernutrition were found from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Data on TB were obtained from the Ethiopia national TB prevalence survey. We applied a geostatistical model using a Bayesian framework to predict the prevalence of undernutrition and TB. Spatial overlap of undernutrition and TB prevalence was detected in the Afar and Somali regions. Population density was associated with the spatial distribution of TB [β: 0.008; 95% CrI: 0.001, 0.014], wasting [β: −0.017; 95% CrI: −0.032, −0.004], underweight [β: −0.02; 95% CrI: −0.031, −0.011], stunting [β: −0.012; 95% CrI: −0.017, −0.006], and adult undernutrition [β: −0.007; 95% CrI: −0.01, −0.005]. Distance to a health facility was associated with the spatial distribution of stunting [β: 0.269; 95% CrI: 0.08, 0.46] and adult undernutrition [β: 0.176; 95% CrI: 0.044, 0.308]. Healthcare access and demographic factors were associated with the spatial distribution of TB and undernutrition. Therefore, geographically targeted service integration may be more effective than nationwide service integration.

Keywords: undernutrition; TB; geospatial overlap; Ethiopia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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