Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Abnormal 50 g Glucose Challenge Tests in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand: A Retrospective Study

Suda Jaihow, Nonthapan Phasuk, Udomsak Narkkul, Wipawan Chaoum Pensuksan, Stephen J. Scholand and Chuchard Punsawad ()
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Suda Jaihow: School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
Nonthapan Phasuk: Department of Medical Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
Udomsak Narkkul: Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
Wipawan Chaoum Pensuksan: Faculty of Nursing, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani 84100, Thailand
Stephen J. Scholand: Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
Chuchard Punsawad: Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 22, 1-12

Abstract: (1) Background: An abnormal 50 g glucose challenge test (50 g GCT) during pregnancy, even without a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), may result in undesirable obstetric and neonatal outcomes. This study sought to evaluate the outcomes in pregnant women with abnormal 50 g GCT in secondary care hospitals in Thailand. (2) Methods: A total of 1129 cases of pregnant women with abnormal 50 g GCT results who delivered between January 2018 and December 2020 at Thasala, Sichon, and Thungsong hospitals were retrospectively reviewed and divided into three groups: abnormal 50 g GCT and normal 100 g oral OGTT (Group 1; n = 397 cases), abnormal 50 g GCT and one abnormal 100 g OGTT value (Group 2; n = 452 cases), and GDM (Group 3; n = 307 cases). (3) Results: Cesarean section rates in group 3 (61.9%) were statistically higher than those in groups 1 (43.6%) and 2 (49.4%) ( p < 0.001). In addition, the highest rate of birth asphyxia was found in group 2 (5.9%), which was significantly higher than that in Groups 1 (1.8%) and 3 (3.3%) ( p = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: Pregnant women with abnormal 50 g GCTs without a diagnosis of GDM had undesirable maternal and neonatal outcomes, as well as those who had GDM, suggesting that healthcare providers should closely monitor them throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Keywords: maternal outcome; neonatal outcomes; pregnant women; glucose challenge test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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