Interdisciplinary Therapy Improves the Mediators of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents with Obesity

Deborah Cristina Landi Masquio (), Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos, Bárbara Dal Molin Netto, Joana Pereira de Carvalho-Ferreira, Carlos Roberto Bueno, Stella Alouan, Gabriela Tronca Poletto, Aline de Piano Ganen, Sergio Tufik, Marco Túlio de Mello, Nelson Nardo and Ana R. Dâmaso
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Deborah Cristina Landi Masquio: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil
Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos: Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, Santos 11010-150, SP, Brazil
Bárbara Dal Molin Netto: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, PR, Brazil
Joana Pereira de Carvalho-Ferreira: Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil
Carlos Roberto Bueno: Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
Stella Alouan: Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil
Gabriela Tronca Poletto: Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil
Aline de Piano Ganen: Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Nutrição: do Nascimento à Adolescência, Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC), São Paulo 05025-010, SP, Brazil
Sergio Tufik: Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04724-000, SP, Brazil
Marco Túlio de Mello: Escola de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31310-250, MG, Brazil
Nelson Nardo: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
Ana R. Dâmaso: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 23, 1-15

Abstract: Obesity is associated with inflammation and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality, as well as a range of other conditions. Obesity is a growing global problem, not only in adults, but also in children and adolescents. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effects of a one-year interdisciplinary intervention on the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles of adolescents with obesity. Twenty-two adolescents completed the intervention, which included clinical, nutritional, psychological and physical exercise counselling. Body composition, and metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular risk biomarkers were analyzed before and after one year of intervention. Visceral and subcutaneous fat were determined ultrasonographically. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) equation were used to estimate insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, respectively. A reduction in body mass, adiposity, glucose, and insulin and an improved lipid profile were observed after the therapy. Hyperleptinemia was reduced from 77.3% to 36.4%. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), leptin, the leptin/adiponectin ratio, and the adiponectin/leptin ratio were also significantly improved. Metabolic changes were associated with a reduction in visceral fat and waist circumference, and adiponectin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio were associated with HOMA-IR. The interdisciplinary therapy promoted improvements in hyperleptinemia and metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular biomarkers.

Keywords: obesity; inflammation; leptin; adiponectin; insulin resistance; cardiometabolic risk; adolescent (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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