The Effect of High Nicotine Dose on Maximum Anaerobic Performance and Perceived Pain in Healthy Non-Smoking Athletes: Crossover Pilot Study

Peter Bartík (), Peter Šagát, Jana Pyšná, Ladislav Pyšný, Jiří Suchý, Zdeněk Trubák and Dominika Petrů
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Peter Bartík: Health and Physical Education Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
Peter Šagát: Health and Physical Education Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
Jana Pyšná: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, J. E. Purkyne University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Ladislav Pyšný: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, J. E. Purkyne University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Jiří Suchý: Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Charles University, 116 39 Prague, Czech Republic
Zdeněk Trubák: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, J. E. Purkyne University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Dominika Petrů: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, J. E. Purkyne University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-9

Abstract: Background: In recent years, there has been intensive discussion about the positive effect of nicotine usage on enhancing sports performance. It is frequently applied through a non-burned tobacco form before physical activity. Nicotine is under the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 2021 monitoring program. Therefore, study results that reveal either positive or negative effects are expected. This is the pilot study that reports the effect of 8 mg dose of nicotine on performance and perceived pain. Material and Methods: This research aimed to explore the oral intake effect of a high-nicotine dose (8 mg) on the maximum anaerobic performance and other selected physical performance parameters in healthy, well-trained adult athletes ( n = 15, age 30.7 ± 3.6, BMI 25.3 ± 1.7). The cross-sectional study protocol included the oral administration of either sublingual nicotine or placebo tablets before the anaerobic load assessed by a standardized 30 s Wingate test of the lower limbs. Afterward, the Borg subjective perception of pain (CR 10) and Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were evaluated. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the analysis of data with a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results revealed that oral administration of an 8 mg nicotine dose does not significantly improve any of the physical performance parameters monitored. We only reported the statistically significant positive effect in RPE ( p = 0.03). Conclusion: Lower perception of pain intensity that we reported after nicotine application might be an important factor that affects performance. However, we did not report any improvement in physical performance parameters.

Keywords: anaerobic performance; high-nicotine dose; pain perception; perceived exertion; Wingate test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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