Economic Burdens of Uncomplicated Malaria in Primary Health Care (PHC) Facilities of Plateau State, Nigeria: Patients’ Perspectives

Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail (), Nanloh Samuel Jimam, Khang Wen Goh (), Ching Siang Tan and Long Chiau Ming
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Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail: Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Puchong 47160, Malaysia
Nanloh Samuel Jimam: Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
Khang Wen Goh: Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Ching Siang Tan: School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Long Chiau Ming: School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-13

Abstract: Objectives: This study aims at evaluating the costs incurred by patients in Primary Healthcare facilities of Plateau State, Nigeria, due to uncomplicated malaria management. Methods: Patients’ information on resources used and absence from the labour market due to uncomplicated malaria illness were collected using the self-reported cost of illness instruments across 24 selected Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities in Plateau State. The collated data were used to estimate the direct medical and non-medical costs incurred by patients through the summation of the various costs paid out of pocket for the services; while the indirect cost was estimated using the human capital theory. All analyses were conducted through Microsoft Excel and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS ® ) version 23 software. Results: The average direct cost per episode of uncomplicated malaria was estimated at NGN 2808.37/USD 7.39, while the indirect average money equivalence of the time lost due to the ailment was estimated at NGN 2717/USD 7.55, giving an average cost of treating uncomplicated malaria borne by patients in Plateau State per episode to be NGN 5525.37/USD 14.94. The projected annual cost of the disease was NGN 9, 921,671,307.22 (USD 27, 560,198.08). Conclusions: The study showed substantial financial costs borne by patients due to uncomplicated malaria in Plateau State, comprising 50.83% of direct cost and 49.17% of the indirect cost of medications.

Keywords: direct costs; human capital approach; indirect costs; primary health care facilities; uncomplicated malaria (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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