The Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alla Navolokina, Jacek Smereka, Bernd W. Böttiger, Michal Pruc, Raúl Juárez-Vela, Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah, Zubaid Rafique, Frank W. Peacock, Kamil Safiejko and Lukasz Szarpak ()
Additional contact information
Alla Navolokina: European School of Medicine, International European University, 03187 Kyiv, Ukraine
Jacek Smereka: Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland
Bernd W. Böttiger: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
Michal Pruc: Research Unit, Polish Society of Disaster Medicine, 05-806 Warsaw, Poland
Raúl Juárez-Vela: GRUPAC, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah: Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Zubaid Rafique: Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Frank W. Peacock: Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Kamil Safiejko: Research Unit, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Bialystok Oncology Center, 15-294 Bialystok, Poland
Lukasz Szarpak: Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-9

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic, required the donning of personal protective equipment during clinical contact, and continues to be a significant worldwide public health concern. Pediatric cardiac arrest is a rare but critical condition with a high mortality rate, the outcomes of which may be negatively affected by donning personal protective equipment. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric cardiac arrest outcomes. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from their inception to 1 October 2022. We included studies published in English on pediatric patients with cardiac arrest, dichotomized by the pre- and during-COVID-19 periods and then stratified by COVID-19 positive or negative status, to evaluate clinical outcomes associated with cardiac arrest. Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. In witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, there were no differences between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods for witnessed cardiac arrest (28.5% vs. 28.7%; odds ratio (OR) = 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87 to 1.14; p = 0.93), administration of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (61.5 vs. 63.6%; OR = 1.11; 95%CI: 0.98 to 1.26; p = 0.11), bystander automated external defibrillator use (both 2.8%; OR = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.69 to 1.45; p = 0.99), return of spontaneous circulation(8.4 vs. 8.9%; OR = 0.93; 95%CI: 0.47 to 1.88; p = 0.85), survival to hospital admission (9.0 vs. 10.2%, OR = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.45 to 1.44; p = 0.47), or survival to hospital discharge (13.4 vs. 12.4%; OR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.22 to 1.72; p = 0.35). COVID-19 did not change pediatric cardiac arrest bystander interventions or outcomes.

Keywords: cardiac arrest; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; pediatric cardiac arrest; meta-analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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