Increases in Prevalent Depressed Mood and Suicidal Ideation among Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Findings from the California Health Interview Survey

Kathryn Gibb (), David Pham Bui and Ximena P. Vergara
Additional contact information
Kathryn Gibb: Occupational Health Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
David Pham Bui: Occupational Health Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
Ximena P. Vergara: Occupational Health Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-14

Abstract: Limited data exist on COVID-19’s mental health impact on non-healthcare workers. We estimated the prevalence of depressed mood and suicidal ideation experienced in the past year among California workers and assessed whether the prevalence changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed 2013–2020 California Health Interview Survey data using survey-weighted methods to assess the change in the prevalence of depressed mood and suicidal ideation from 2019 to 2020 for working adults by demographics and occupational groups. We used trend-adjusted quasi-Poisson regressions and report rate ratios (RR), comparing the prevalence of outcomes during 2020 to the pre-pandemic period (2013–2019). We identified priority occupation groups with a higher-than-average outcome prevalence in 2020 and rate increases after adjusting for pre-pandemic trends. Our analysis included 168,768 respondents, of which 65% were workers. Production and service workers were the priority occupation groups for depressed mood (RR: 1.46, CI: 1.1–1.9; RR: 1.23, CI: 1.1–1.4) and suicidal ideation (RR: 1.86, CI: 1.0–3.6; RR: 1.47, CI: 1.1–1.9). Workers aged 45–65 years experienced over a 30% relative increase in both outcomes from 2019 to 2020. Depressed mood and suicidal ideation in the past year increased for production, service, and older workers during the pandemic. These groups should be considered for mental health interventions.

Keywords: mental health; COVID-19; depression; suicidal ideation; occupational (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/2/1253/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/2/1253/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:2:p:1253-:d:1030932

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().