Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis Interplay—A Narrative Review

Sorana Florica Baciu, Anca-Ștefania Mesaroș () and Ina Maria Kacso
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Sorana Florica Baciu: Department of Dental Propaedeutics and Esthetics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Anca-Ștefania Mesaroș: Department of Dental Propaedeutics and Esthetics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Ina Maria Kacso: Department of Nephrology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: Periodontitis (PO), a chronic microbially-induced inflammation of the supporting tissues of the tooth, is linked to various systemic diseases. We analyze its bidirectional relationship to chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major health-care problem with impressive excess mortality. Overwhelming associative relationship between CKD and PO are analyzed. Major pathophysiologic mechanisms that link CKD to PO are then presented: systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and imbalance of oxidative stress characteristic of CKD have a role in PO development and might influence escape mechanisms of oral microbiota. Subclinical local and systemic inflammation induced by PO might influence in turn CKD outcomes. Homeostatic changes induced by CKD such as mineral bone disorders, acidosis, uremic milieu, or poor salivary flow are also relevant for the occurrence of PO. There is insufficient evidence to recommend a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic approach regarding association of PO to CKD.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; periodontitis; oral microbiota; pathophysiologic mechanisms; treatment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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