Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Latino Immigrants to the USA

Talita Monsores Paixão, Liliane Reis Teixeira, Carlos Augusto Ferreira de Andrade, Debora Sepulvida, Martha Martinez-Silveira, Camila Nunes and Carlos Eduardo Gomes Siqueira ()
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Talita Monsores Paixão: Center of Studies of Worker Health and Human Ecology, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil
Liliane Reis Teixeira: Center of Studies of Worker Health and Human Ecology, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil
Carlos Augusto Ferreira de Andrade: Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil
Debora Sepulvida: Brazilian Worker Center, Boston, MA 02134, USA
Martha Martinez-Silveira: Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil
Camila Nunes: Fluminense Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology, Campos dos Goytacazes 28030-130, Brazil
Carlos Eduardo Gomes Siqueira: School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-33

Abstract: The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an increasingly prevalent condition globally. Latino populations in the USA have shown an alarming increase in factors associated with MetS in recent years. The objective of the present systematic review was to determine the prevalence of MetS and its risk factors in immigrant Latinos in the USA and perform a meta-analysis of those prevalence. The review included cross-sectional, cohort, or case–control studies involving adult immigrant Latinos in the USA, published during the period 1980–2020 in any language. Studies involving individuals who were pregnant, aged <18 years, immigrant non-Latinos, published outside the 1980–2020 period, or with other design types were excluded. The Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Lilacs, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases were searched. The risk of bias was assessed using the checklists of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The review included 60 studies, and the meta-analysis encompassed 52 studies. The pooled prevalence found for hypertension, diabetes, general obesity, and abdominal obesity were 28% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 23–33%), 17% (95% CI: 14–20%), 37% (95% CI: 33–40%), and 54% (95% CI: 48–59%), respectively. The quality of the evidence of the primary studies was classified as low or very low. Few studies including immigrants from South America were identified. Further studies of those immigrants are needed due to the cultural, dietary, and language disparities among Latin American countries. The research protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF).

Keywords: metabolic syndrome; Latinos; immigrants; USA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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