The Relationship between Young Children’s Graphomotor Skills and Their Environment: A Cross-Sectional Study

Rachel-Tzofia Sinvani (), Anat Golos, Stav Ben Zagmi and Yafit Gilboa
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Rachel-Tzofia Sinvani: School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9124001, Israel
Anat Golos: School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9124001, Israel
Stav Ben Zagmi: School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9124001, Israel
Yafit Gilboa: School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9124001, Israel

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-13

Abstract: The current study aimed to examine the unique contribution of personal and environmental factors to explain graphomotor skills in typically developing preschoolers and first-year elementary school students. A convenience sample of 136 Israeli children aged three–seven years was recruited. Graphomotor skills were assessed using the Gilboa Functional Test (GIFT); personal and environmental factors were assessed using a demographic questionnaire and the Home Literacy Experiences Questionnaire (HLEQ). A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that home literacy and educational approach accounted for 43.1% of the variance of graphomotor skills (R 2 = 40.4, p < 0.000), each providing a unique contribution to the explained variance after controlling for age, gender, and spoken language. Generally, our results supported the bioecological model, with proximal factors (home literacy and educational approach) having a greater influence on child graphomotor skills than distal factors (parental socioeconomic and immigration status). By highlighting the role of environmental factors in graphomotor development, these results can be used as a conceptual framework for developing early intervention programs.

Keywords: bioecological model; school readiness; educational approach; socioeconomic status; motor skills; typically developing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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