Effects of a Diet Containing Sources of Prebiotics and Probiotics and Modification of the Gut Microbiota on the Reduction of Body Fat

Paweł Jagielski, Izabela Bolesławska, Iwona Wybrańska, Juliusz Przysławski and Edyta Łuszczki ()
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Paweł Jagielski: Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland
Izabela Bolesławska: Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
Iwona Wybrańska: Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Genetics and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
Juliusz Przysławski: Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
Edyta Łuszczki: Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: In 2022, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) report, overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions in the WHO European Region, affecting almost 60% of adults. Based on the assessment of BMI (Body Mass Index), a group of 56 women aged 25–45 years (31 women group A average BMI 34.9 ± 4.86 kg/m 2 and 25 women group B average BMI 33.4 ± 4.02 kg/m 2 ) were qualified for the study. In a multi-center, two-arm, parallel, non-randomized study, two types of weight-reduction diets (A and B) were used over a 3-month period. In group A, a standard low-energy diet was used with individually adjusted caloric intake of 1100–1300 kcal, with an increase in the amount and frequency of consumption of sauerkraut and groats and a daily intake of fermented milk drinks (300–400 g), fermented cucumbers (100 g), mineral water (1 L) and cod liver oil (5 mL). In group B, a standard low-energy diet with individually adjusted caloric intake of 1100–1300 kcal with daily intake of fermented milk products (150 g), highly mineralized water (0.5 L), once a week fermented cucumbers, and once a week buckwheat groats was used. The following measurements were taken: body weight, body fat mass, water content, body height, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Body weight and body composition were measured using the Tanita MC-780 MA and TANITA BC-601 analyzer using the bioelectric bioimpedance method. The stool samples were analyzed in the microbiology laboratory where quantification of Bifidobcaterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species, Akkermansia muciniphila and total bacterial count (TBC) was performed. Under the influence of the introduced nutritional intervention, a statistically significant reduction in body weight, body fat, waist circumference, and hip circumference was demonstrated after 3 months. Under the influence of weight reduction, as well as dietary changes, there was an increase in the number of Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria in the women studied. The low-energy diet containing sources of natural prebiotics and probiotics had a more favorable effect on the number of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii bacteria compared to the standard diet.

Keywords: obesity; eating behaviors; prebiotics; probiotics; gut microbiota (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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