Similarities and Differences between Psychosocial Determinants of Bullying and Cyberbullying Perpetration among Polish Adolescents

Marta Malinowska-Cieślik (), Dorota Kleszczewska, Anna Dzielska, Monika Ścibor and Joanna Mazur ()
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Marta Malinowska-Cieślik: Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College; 31-066 Krakow, Poland
Dorota Kleszczewska: Institute of Mother and Child Foundation, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
Anna Dzielska: Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
Monika Ścibor: Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College; 31-066 Krakow, Poland
Joanna Mazur: Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-729 Zielona Gora, Poland

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-21

Abstract: Despite the extensive literature on the psychosocial determinants of bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents, there is not sufficient comprehensive analysis of the differences between perpetrators. This study aims to assess the psychosocial similarities and differences between bullies and cyberbullies. Data of 3650 students from two grades, K9 and K11 (47% females, mean age = 16.53), were used from a survey conducted in Poland in 2018 as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Perpetration was measured by questions adapted from the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. The following predictors were analyzed: demographic, socioeconomic status measured with the Family Affluence Scale-III (FAS), and individual and social factors. Multiple binary logistic regression was applied. The random sampling design was based on stratification according to the local deprivation index of the region where the school was located. Male gender, younger age, and non-intact family were associated with a higher risk of bullying and cyberbullying. Family support, empathy, school performance, and school attachment had a protective effect against both aggressive behaviors. Life dissatisfaction and high FAS were revealed as determinants of cyberbullying and local deprivation of bullying only. Bullying and cyberbullying school prevention programs should take into account these psychosocial differences and consider the economic deprivation of the region.

Keywords: adolescent; bullying; cyberbullying; perpetration; psychosocial factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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